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Clinohumite

Clinohumite

By Tim Matthews, JD, FGA, GG, DGA,
CEO and President of JTV (retired)
Published: June 2014
Modified: March 2022
Clinohumite Polished Clinohumite Rough
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Table of Contents
  • General Information
  • Clinohumite Colors
  • Alternate Names
  • Countries of Origin
  • History
  • Care

A relatively new addition to the world of gems, clinohumite was first discovered in 1876 within stones erupted from Mount Vesuvius. Only recently have gem-quality pieces been found in locales including Tajikistan's Pamir Mountains. Clinohumite's coloring typically ranges from white to bright yellow to deep orange to red, but a few brown specimens have been found. Gemstones are sought after by gemstone collectors and rarely exceed 3 carats in size.

General Information

  • Classification
  • Optical Properties
  • Characteristic Physical Properties
  • Chemistry & Crystallography
Common Name
Clinohumite
Species
Clinohumite
Transparency
Transparent - Opaque
Dispersion
Strength: Moderate Fire Value: 0.021
Refractive Index
1.629-1.674
Birefringence
0.028-0.041
Optic Character
Biaxial
Optic Sign
Positive
Polariscope Reaction
Aggregate (AGG), Doubly Refractive (DR)
Fluorescence
SWUV: orange-yellow
LWUV: Inert
Pleochroism
Trichroic, brownish orange, orangy yellow, and colorless to yellow
Hardness
6
Streak
White
Specific Gravity
3.130-3.750
Toughness
Poor
Inclusions
Clinohumite might have fingerprints, euhedral crystals and color zoning.
Luster
Vitreous, Resinous
Fracture
Subconchoidal
Cleavage
Poor, in one direction
Chemical Name
Manganese Iron Silicate Fluoride Hydroxide
Chemical Formula
(Mg, Fe2+)9(SiO4)4(F,OH))2
Crystal System
Monoclinic
Chemistry Classification
Silicate

Clinohumite Colors

  • Brown Clinohumite
    Brown
  • Orange Clinohumite
    Orange
  • Orange Clinohumite
    Orange
  • White Clinohumite
    White
  • Yellow Clinohumite
    Yellow

Alternate Names

Humite

Countries of Origin

Tanzania, United Republic Of; Myanmar; Afghanistan; Russian Federation; Czechia; United States of America; Madagascar; Kazakhstan; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Austria; Sweden; Pakistan; Korea (the Republic of); Unknown; China; Brazil; Slovakia; Bulgaria; France; Kyrgyzstan; Romania; Japan; Switzerland; India; Spain; Canada; Norway; Namibia; Finland; Italy; Mexico; South Africa; Zimbabwe; Antarctica; Australia; Germany; Greenland; Tajikistan; Indonesia

History

Clinohumite was found in 1876 on Mt Vesuvius outside Naples, Italy. It was named for its monoclinic crystal structure and its relationship with the mineral humite by Alfred Lewis Oliver Legrand Des Cloizeaux. Gem quality orangish yellow clinohumite was found near Lake Baikal in the Pamir Mountains of Tajikistan in the 1983. Reddish brown crystals are found from the Koksha Valley, Badakshan Province, Afghanistan. Brown to red material was found in the Taymyr region of Siberia, Russia in 2000. Gems from Mahenge, Tanzania were also reported in 2000 are also dark reddish brown.

Care

Requires gentle handling.

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