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Epidote

Epidote

By Tim Matthews, JD, FGA, GG, DGA,
CEO and President of JTV (retired)
Published: June 2014
Modified: September 2023
Epidote Polished Epidote Rough
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Table of Contents
  • General Information
  • Epidote Colors
  • Epidote Spectra
  • Alternate Names
  • Countries of Origin
  • Care

A pearly transparent to nearly opaque gemstone, Epidote often has a yellowish-green or green "pistachio" color. Faceted stones may appear black due to the dark nature of the colors. Epidote specimens are often appreciated for their dramatic crystal displays featuring long and slender prismatic crystals. Epidote also forms needle-like inclusions in Prehnite and quartz.

General Information

  • Classification
  • Optical Properties
  • Characteristic Physical Properties
  • Chemistry & Crystallography
Common Name
Epidote
Species
Epidote
Transparency
Transparent - Translucent
Dispersion
Strength: Strong Fire Value: 0.030
Refractive Index
1.729-1.768
Tolerance:(+0.012/-0.035)
Birefringence
0.019-0.045
Optic Character
Biaxial
Optic Sign
Negative
Polariscope Reaction
Doubly Refractive (DR)
Fluorescence
SWUV: inert
LWUV: inert
Pleochroism
Trichroic, strong green, brown, and yellow
Hardness
6-7
Streak
Gray
Specific Gravity
3.350-3.500 Typical:3.400
Toughness
Varies
Luster
Vitreous, Greasy
Fracture
Conchoidal, Uneven
Cleavage
Perfect, in one direction, Good, in one direction
Chemical Name
calcium aluminum iron silicate
Chemical Formula
Ca2(Al,Fe)3(SiO4)3(OH)
Crystal System
Monoclinic
Chemistry Classification
Silicate

Epidote Colors

  • Black Epidote
    Black
  • Brown Epidote
    Brown
  • Green Epidote
    Green
  • Yellow Epidote
    Yellow

Epidote Spectra

Epidote Spectra
EPIDOTE. (Unpolarized)

Color due to iron and manganese. The intense absorption up to 500nm. in this rare red variety of epidote masks any evidence of the iron band normally detected in the pale greenish brown stones centered at 455nm. often accompanied by a weaker band at 475nm. However, in this red specimen a fairly wide band appears centered at 550nm

Epidote Spectra
EPIDOTE. (Lighter γ ray)

Color due to iron and manganese. The intense absorption up to 500nm. in this rare red variety of epidote masks any evidence of the iron band normally detected in the pale greenish brown stones centered at 455nm. often accompanied by a weaker band at 475nm. However, in this red specimen a fairly wide band appears centered at 550nm. When the lighter gamma ray is isolated the much weaker absorption in the green is evidence of the lighter color in the pleochroic effect

Epidote Spectra
EPIDOTE

Color due to iron. This strongly pleochroic dark brown gemstone may require the use of a polarizing filter to transmit sufficient light from the lighter brown alpha ray. The main feature is a strong band centered at 458nm. in the deep blue with a weaker one on the long wave side at 475nm. which strengthens as the greenish beta ray is located. The darker brown gamma ray can absorb all up to about 500nm. and may obscure the bands referred to here.

We acknowledge the significant scientific contributions of John S Harris, FGA to the study of gemstone spectra and with deep appreciation to him, acknowledges the use of his images and related notes about gemstones and their spectra in the educational materials on this website.

Alternate Names

Pistacite- Yellow Green

Countries of Origin

Afghanistan; Pakistan; Unknown; China; United States of America; Brazil; Mexico; Peru

Care

Epidote is brittle so please take care when handling.

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