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Hessonite

Garnet

By Tim Matthews, JD, FGA, GG, DGA,
CEO and President of JTV (retired)
Published: June 2014
Modified: September 2023
Hessonite Polished Hessonite Rough Hessonite Jewelry
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Table of Contents
  • General Information
  • Hessonite Colors
  • Alternate Names
  • Countries of Origin
  • Care
  • More About Hessonite

Hessonite is a variety of grossular garnet. The color ranges from golden yellow to brownish orange or brownish red, as well as reddish orange to red. The first Sri Lankan stones were nicknamed the "cinnamon stone" due to their brownish red color. A perfectly colored hessonite is a bright golden orange that resembles a combination of honey and orange with an internal fire. While the clearest gems are the most prized, inclusions in hessonite are common, and often give stones an oily or roiled appearance.

General Information

  • Classification
  • Optical Properties
  • Characteristic Physical Properties
  • Chemistry & Crystallography
Common Name
Hessonite
Species
Garnet
Transparency
Transparent - Semitransparent
Dispersion
Value: 0.028
Refractive Index
1.730-1.758 Tolerance: (+0.020/-0.010)
Optic Character
NA
Optic Sign
NA
Polariscope Reaction
Singly Refractive (SR)
Fluorescence
SWUV: Inert
LWUV: Yellow Stones: Weak Salmon pink, orange Red or violet red
Pleochroism
None
Hardness
6.5-7.5
Streak
White or none
Specific Gravity
3.570-3.730 Range:0.12/-0.04 Typical:3.610
Toughness
Good
Inclusions
Stubby, rounded included crystals. Shows oily, "heat wave" or "scotch in water" effect.
Luster
Vitreous, Greasy
Stability
Good
Fracture
Conchoidal, uneven, irregular
Cleavage
None
Chemical Name
Calcium aluminum silicate
Chemical Formula
Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
Crystal System
Cubic
Chemistry Classification
Silicate

Hessonite Colors

  • Brown Hessonite
    Brown
  • Orange Hessonite
    Orange
  • Red Hessonite
    Red
  • Yellow Hessonite
    Yellow

Alternate Names

Essonite, Cinnamon Stone, Hyacinth Or Jacinth

Countries of Origin

Tanzania, United Republic Of; Myanmar; Afghanistan; Russian Federation; Czechia; United States of America; Madagascar; Portugal; Greece; Austria; Mozambique; Pakistan; Unknown; China; Brazil; Poland; Slovakia; Nigeria; Sri Lanka; Kenya; Switzerland; Taiwan (Province of China); India; Spain; New Zealand; Canada; Norway; Italy; Australia; Peru; Germany

Care

Normal Care

More About Hessonite

In Sri Lanka, the most prolific hessonite source, cinnamon oil is a popular product. It was the first miners who came across hessonite garnet who gave it the name of ‘cinnamon stone’ believing that it closely resembled the color of cinnamon oil. Hessonite garnet is deeply rooted in Indian mythology. It was believed to counter the evil influences of Rahu, the legendary immortal head of a snake that swallows the sun or the moon causing eclipses.

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