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Hypersthene

Enstatite

By Tim Matthews, JD, FGA, GG, DGA,
CEO and President of JTV (retired)
Published: June 2014
Modified: October 2021
Hypersthene Polished Hypersthene Jewelry
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Table of Contents
  • General Information
  • Hypersthene Colors
  • Alternate Names
  • Countries of Origin
  • Care

Hypersthene is a common mineral in the pyroxene group that rarely forms distinct crystals. Hypersthene is similar in appearance to hornblende, but it is a harder material. Since the hardness difference was the main way to tell the stones apart the Greek words “hyper” meaning above and “stenos” meaning power gave the inspiration for the name. It is usually brown, green, or gray with vitreous to pearly luster and displays a brilliant coppery metallic surface sheen.

General Information

  • Classification
  • Optical Properties
  • Characteristic Physical Properties
  • Chemistry & Crystallography
Common Name
Hypersthene
Species
Enstatite
Transparency
Opaque-Transparent
Dispersion
Strength: Weak Fire
Refractive Index
1.673-1.731
Birefringence
0.010- 0.016
Optic Character
Biaxial
Optic Sign
Negative
Polariscope Reaction
Doubly Refractive (DR)
Fluorescence
SWUV: inert
LWUV: inert
Pleochroism
Dichroic, strong bluish-green and brownish-red
Hardness
5-6
Streak
White Or Gray
Specific Gravity
3.400-3.500 Typical:3.450
Toughness
Poor
Inclusions
Hypersthene displays a copper red schiller or sheen caused by tabular inclusions of hematite and goethite.
Luster
Vitreous, Pearly
Fracture
Uneven
Cleavage
Good, in one direction
Chemical Name
magnesium iron silicate
Chemical Formula
(Mg,Fe)2Si2O6
Crystal System
Orthorhombic
Chemistry Classification
Silicate

Hypersthene Colors

  • Brown Hypersthene
    Brown
  • Brown Hypersthene
    Brown
  • Gray Hypersthene
    Gray
  • Green Hypersthene
    Green

Alternate Names

Enstatite, Ferroan Enstatite,

Countries of Origin

Papua New Guinea; Malaysia; Portugal; Iceland; Austria; El Salvador; Korea (the Republic of); Unknown; Brazil; Tonga; Argentina; South Sudan; Japan; Ukraine; Belarus; Bolivia (Plurinational State of); India; New Zealand; Canada; Turkey; Namibia; Finland; Italy; South Africa; Antarctica; Peru; Germany; Yemen; Russian Federation; Czechia; United States of America; Madagascar; Thailand; United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland; Libya; Saudi Arabia; Sweden; Pakistan; China; Ireland; Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha; Poland; Slovakia; France; Lithuania; Tunisia; Spain; Mauritania; Norway; Denmark; Mexico; Uganda; Suriname; Australia; Greenland; Indonesia

Care

Moderately soft, so be mindful of scratching. Requires gentle handling.

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