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Iolite

Iolite

By Tim Matthews, JD, FGA, GG, DGA,
CEO and President of JTV (retired)
Published: June 2014
Modified: September 2023
Iolite Polished Iolite Rough Iolite Jewelry
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Table of Contents
  • General Information
  • Iolite Colors
  • Iolite Spectra
  • Alternate Names
  • Countries of Origin
  • Care
  • Optical Phenomena
  • Related Videos

Iolite is the gem-quality blue or blue-violet variety of cordierite. While iolite enjoyed popularity in jewelry in 18th-century Europe, this naturally beautiful gemstone is relatively new to today's jewelry market, and is regaining popularity with the public. Because of its varying levels of hardness and strong pleochroism, iolite is one of the most difficult stones for lapidaries to fashion. It must be cut in certain directions to take advantage of the best color, which can be tough when the shape of the rough doesn't lend itself to cutting in that same direction.

General Information

  • Classification
  • Optical Properties
  • Characteristic Physical Properties
  • Chemistry & Crystallography
Common Name
Iolite
Species
Iolite
Transparency
Transparent - Translucent
Dispersion
Strength: Moderate Fire Value: 0.017
Refractive Index
1.527-1.578 Tolerance: (+0.045/-0.011)
Birefringence
0.008- 0.018
Optic Character
Biaxial
Optic Sign
Positive or Negative
Polariscope Reaction
Doubly Refractive (DR)
Fluorescence
SWUV: Inert
LWUV: Inert
Pleochroism
Trichroic, violet, colorless to yellow, and light grayish blue
Hardness
7-7.5
Streak
White
Specific Gravity
2.540-2.660 Range:+/-0.05 Typical:2.610
Toughness
Fair
Inclusions
Iolite is a type II clarity stone. Sometimes apatite, hematite, iron oxide, magnetite, mica and rutile, inclusions are seen. Bloodshot iolite is the aventuresent variety with red hematite platelets, along with goethite.
Luster
Vitreous
Fracture
Conchoidal, Uneven
Cleavage
Good, in one direction, Poor, in two directions
Chemical Name
magnesium aluminum silicate
Chemical Formula
(Mg,Fe)2Al4Si5O18
Crystal System
Orthorhombic
Chemistry Classification
Silicate

Iolite Colors

  • Blue Iolite
    Blue
  • Brown Iolite
    Brown
  • Colorless Iolite
    Colorless
  • Purple Iolite
    Purple

Iolite Spectra

We acknowledge the significant scientific contributions of John S Harris, FGA to the study of gemstone spectra and with deep appreciation to him, acknowledges the use of his images and related notes about gemstones and their spectra in the educational materials on this website.

Alternate Names

Cordierite, Dichroite, Bloodshot Iolite

Countries of Origin

Tanzania, United Republic Of; Myanmar; Russian Federation; Sri Lanka; United States of America; Madagascar; Kenya; India; Canada; Unknown; Norway; China; Finland; Brazil; Zimbabwe

Care

Normal Care

Optical Phenomena

Bloodshot Iolite

Bloodshot iolite is a variety of corderite found in Sri Lanka. Bloodshot iolite is a aventurescent gemstone and it gets its name from the parallel inclusions of hematite platelets that give it a reddish appearance.

Bloodshot Iolite Iolite
Bloodshot Iolite Iolite
  • Classification
  • Optical Properties
  • Characteristic Physical properties
Common Name
Bloodshot Iolite
CCF Reaction
None
Specific Gravity
2.54
Toughness
Fair
Inclusions
Hematite

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