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South Sea Pearl

Pearl

By Tim Matthews, JD, FGA, GG, DGA,
CEO and President of JTV (retired)
Published: June 2014
Modified: September 2023
South Sea Pearl Polished South Sea Pearl Jewelry
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Table of Contents
  • General Information
  • South Sea Pearl Colors
  • Countries of Origin
  • Care

The South Sea Pearl is the product of the Pinctada maxima, which is the largest of all the oysters used in the cultured pearl industry. The Pinctada maxima is better known as the silver-lipped or golden-lipped oyster. The interior color of the oyster will produce pearls of a similar color. The silver-lipped variety will produce silvery-white or creamy pearls. The golden-lipped oyster will produce pearls that are soft yellow to an intense, golden color. Pearls typically range from 8 to 20mm but exceptional specimens up to 30mm have been found. South Sea Pearls can be found in the waters around Australia, Indonesia, Myanmar, and the South Pacific islands.

General Information

  • Classification
  • Optical Properties
  • Characteristic Physical Properties
  • Chemistry & Crystallography
Common Name
South Sea Pearl
Species
Pearl
Transparency
Translucent - Opaque
Refractive Index
1.530-1.685
Birefringence
0.155
Optic Character
NA
Optic Sign
NA
Polariscope Reaction
Aggregate (AGG)
Fluorescence
SWUV: Variable
LWUV: Variable
CCF Reaction
None
Pleochroism
None
Hardness
2.5-4
Streak
White
Specific Gravity
2.720-2.780
Toughness
Good
Inclusions
South Sea pearls tend to be more spotted than Akoya. They have a thicker nacre coat compared to other saltwater pearls. If the pearl is drilled you can inspect the hole to look for bead nucleus.
Luster
Dull, Metallic, Pearly
Stability
Poor
Fracture
Uneven
Cleavage
None
Chemical Name
calcium carbonate + conchiolin and water
Chemical Formula
CaCO3
Crystal System
NA
Chemistry Classification
Organic

South Sea Pearl Colors

  • Blue South Sea Pearl
    Blue
  • Brown South Sea Pearl
    Brown
  • Gray South Sea Pearl
    Gray
  • White South Sea Pearl
    White
  • Yellow South Sea Pearl
    Yellow

Countries of Origin

Myanmar; Unknown; China; Philippines; Australia; French Polynesia; Indonesia

Care

Avoid cosmetics, perfumes, hairsprays, heat and household chemicals.

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