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Staurolite

Staurolite

By Tim Matthews, JD, FGA, GG, DGA,
CEO and President of JTV
Published: June 2014
Modified: November 2021
Staurolite Polished Staurolite Rough Staurolite Jewelry
Table of Contents
  • General Information
  • Staurolite Colors
  • Alternate Names
  • Countries of Origin
  • More About Staurolite
  • Species/Variety
  • Related Videos

The name staurolite comes from the Greek word stauros, meaning cross. Staurolite is prized for its twinned crystals that intersect at 60- or 90-degree angles forming x-like or perpendicular crosses. Specimens exhibiting these forms are highly prized by collectors. Sometimes referred to respectively as St. Andrew's and Greek crosses, as well as lucky cross, fairy stone or fairy cross, legend says the crystal crosses were created by the tears of fairies who could not help but cry when they heard of Christ's crucifixion. Staurolite is a metamorphic mineral that ranges from translucent to opaque in appearance and facetable gems are very rare.

General Information

  • Classification
  • Optical Properties
  • Characteristic Physical Properties
  • Chemistry & Crystallography
Common Name
Staurolite
Species
Staurolite
Transparency
Opaque-Transparent
Dispersion
Strength: Moderate Fire Value: 0.021
Refractive Index
1.736-1.762 Tolerance: (+0.015/-0.015)
Birefringence
0.009-0.015
Optic Character
Biaxial
Optic Sign
Positive
Polariscope Reaction
Doubly Refractive (DR)
Fluorescence
SWUV: Inert
LWUV: Inert
CCF Reaction
None
Pleochroism
Trichroic, moderate yellow to red, brownish yellow, and dark red or light yellow, yellowish red, dark red
Hardness
7-7.5
Streak
White
Specific Gravity
3.650-3.790 Typical:3.710
Toughness
Good
Luster
Vitreous, Resinous
Fracture
Conchoidal, Uneven
Cleavage
Good, in one direction
Chemical Name
iron aluminum silicate hydroxide
Chemical Formula
(Fe,Mg,Zn)2Al9(Si,Al)4O22(OH)2
Crystal System
Monoclinic
Chemistry Classification
Silicate

Staurolite Colors

  • Blue Staurolite
    Blue
  • Multi-color Staurolite
    Multi-color
  • Brown Staurolite
    Brown
  • Black Staurolite
    Black
  • Colorless Staurolite
    Colorless
  • Red Staurolite
    Red
  • Yellow Staurolite
    Yellow

Alternate Names

Cross Stones, Fairy Crosses, Lucky Cross

Countries of Origin

Austria; Russian Federation; Sweden; Unknown; United States of America; Brazil; Madagascar; France; Portugal; Germany; Spain

More About Staurolite

Staurolite is brittle so please take care when handling.

Species/Variety

Staurolite (twinned)

The name staurolite comes from the Greek word stauros, meaning cross. Staurolite is prized for its twinned crystals that intersect at 60 or 90 angles forming x-like or perpendicular crosses and specimens exhibiting these forms are highly prized by collectors. Sometimes referred to respectively as St. Andrew's and Greek crosses as well as lucky cross, fairy stone or fairy cross, one legend says the crystal crosses were created by the tears of fairies whom could not help but cry when they heard of Christ's crucifixion. Staurolite is a metamorphic mineral that ranges from translucent to opaque in appearance and facetable gems are vary rare.

Staurolite (twinned) Staurolite
Staurolite (twinned) Staurolite
  • Classification
  • Optical Properties
Common Name
Staurolite (twinned)
Pleochroism
Unobservable

Related Videos

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