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YAG

YAG

By Tim Matthews, JD, FGA, GG, DGA,
CEO and President of JTV (retired)
Published: June 2014
Modified: September 2023
YAG Polished YAG Jewelry
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Table of Contents
  • General Information
  • YAG Colors
  • YAG Spectra
  • Alternate Names
  • Countries of Origin
  • Care

YAG is the abbreviation for yttrium aluminum garnet. It was first grown in the 1950’s using the flux grown method. It is most often grown by the Czochralski method today. Its primary application was in optic and laser technology. It was used as a diamond simulant until 1973 when synthetic cubic zirconia came on the market. New varieties of YAG were developed and produced exciting new colors that could simulate tsavorite and aquamarine.

General Information

  • Classification
  • Optical Properties
  • Characteristic Physical Properties
  • Chemistry & Crystallography
Common Name
YAG
Species
YAG
Transparency
Transparent
Dispersion
Strength: Weak Fire Value: 0.028
Refractive Index
Over The Limit 1.833-1.833
Tolerance:(+0.010/-0.010)
Optic Character
NA
Optic Sign
NA
Polariscope Reaction
Singly Refractive (SR)
Fluorescence
SWUV: Variable
LWUV: Variable
CCF Reaction
Green: strong red
Pleochroism
None
Hardness
8-8.5
Specific Gravity
4.500-4.600 Typical:4.500
Toughness
Good
Inclusions
YAG generally is inclusion free but some might have gas bubbles. Pulled material might show curved striae. Green stones might show red flashes when viewed in transmitted light. If the stone is created using the flux method might show tiny grains, white flux or feathers.
Luster
SubAdamantine, Vitreous
Fracture
Conchoidal, Uneven
Cleavage
None
Chemical Formula
Y3AL5O12
Crystal System
Cubic

YAG Colors

  • Blue YAG
    Blue
  • Blue YAG
    Blue
  • Colorless YAG
    Colorless
  • Green YAG
    Green
  • Pink YAG
    Pink
  • Purple YAG
    Purple
  • Red YAG
    Red
  • Yellow YAG
    Yellow

YAG Spectra

YAG Spectra
YTTRIUM ALUMINIUM GARNET

Color due to neodymium. The spectrum here is dominated by the two groups of lines in the yellow and green areas which is typical of this rare earth element. The strongest line in the yellow at 588nm. and in the green at 531nm. Other lines can be seen in the red, orange and blue areas. in deeper colored stones the close groups of lines may merge to form a broad absorption band

YAG Spectra
YTTRIUM LITHIUM FLUORIDE (1st. Ray)

Color due to rare earth element, possibly erbium. Strong sharp absorption lines of various widths in the red, green, blue and violet areas depict a typical rare earth spectrum

YAG Spectra
YTTRIUM LITHIUM FLUORIDE (2nd Ray)

Color due to rare earth element, possibly erbium. Strong sharp absorption lines of various widths in the red, green, blue and violet areas depict a typical rare earth spectrum. A closer grouping of the three lines in the deep blue centered at 450nm. Can be seen.

YAG Spectra
YTTRIUM LITHIUM FLUORIDE (Unpolarized)

Color due to rare earth element, possibly erbium. Strong sharp absorption lines of various widths in the red, green, blue and violet areas depict a typical rare earth spectrum.

We acknowledge the significant scientific contributions of John S Harris, FGA to the study of gemstone spectra and with deep appreciation to him, acknowledges the use of his images and related notes about gemstones and their spectra in the educational materials on this website.

Alternate Names

Yttrium Aluminum Garnet, Alexite, Amatite, Circolite, Dia-Bud, Diamite, Diamogem, Diamonair, Diamone, Diamonite, Diamondite, Diamonte, Di'yag, Geminair, Gemonair, Kimberly, Linde Simulated Diamond, Nier-Gem, Regalair, Replique, Somerset, Triamond, YAIG, Yttrium Garnet

Countries of Origin

Russian Federation; Unknown; China

Care

Normal care

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